Where is zululand

The Boers had little respect for Africans as anything other than their slaves and servants. They clashed repeatedly with the Zulus over cattle and grazing lands. Becoming exasperated at the actions of the Boers, the Zulus murdered the Boer leader Piet Retief and 70 of his followers. This led the Boers to seek their revenge at the battle of Blood River where superiour Boer armaments proved decisive. The Zulus and Boers continued to clash in small scale skrimishes.

Today, descendants of the Boers are commonly referred to as Afrikaners. Who won the Zulu war? Who won the battle of Isandlwana? What did the Zulu empire trade? In the s, the first Zulu king Shaka established control over trade networks in south-east Africa, thereby ensuring his role in the distribution of glass beads and other imported goods entering the region through Delagoa Bay in present-day Mozambique.

Is Zulu a true story? Zulu: The True Story. A dangerous mix of self-confidence and contempt for their foes infected many in the British Army during the Zulu War. This misjudgement led to thousands of deaths - and an unsavoury, high-level cover-up - as Saul David explains. How were the Zulus defeated? Essentially this is a rural town supporting the local cattle and maize Surrounding the rural town of Magudu - that is said to have on Meerensee accommodation Meerensee, sometimes spelt Meer en See, is a pretty, upmarket suburban area that lies on the edge of Richards Bay Harbour between Alkantstrand, the local beach, and an inland lake.

Hence its name - Meer en See - Lake and Sea. Include in the already attrac Melmoth accommodation Melmoth, known as the gateway to the Zulu Highlands, is a picturesque, little town just km north east of Durban and 90 km from the coastal town of Mtunzini. Referred to, in the SA edition of Trivial Pursuit, as having the cleanest air in the count Monzi lies virtually 15 kilometres outside o The entire town was declared a Conservancy in and has rec Nongoma, considered one of the busiest little towns in rural KwaZulu Natal, lies north west of Hluhluwe and is fast becoming a major tourist attraction, thanks to King Goodwill Zwelethini, who makes Nongoma his home.

Derived from the Zulu word, ngome Paulpietersburg accommodation Paulpietersburg is a small, pretty town nestling in the foothills of the Dumbe Mountain - a big, flat-topped, triangular mountain in the middle of flatlands territory, popular with paragliders and hikers and named after the wild dumbe fruit which grows on Pongola accommodation The town of Pongola is small town just 10 km from the Swaziland border in the foothills of the Lebombo Mountains.

It is just km fr Pongola Nature Reserve accommodation Pongola Nature Reserve is a co-operative conservation project between private landowners, tribal communities and government conservation services, and forms the heart of a large ecological and socio-economically viable "Big Five" reserve. Allied to this q Pongolapoort accommodation Lying in the heart of the Lebombo Mountains on the northern shores of the Dam also known as Lake Jozini , the town of Pongolapoort is one of a number of places around the dam that include Jozini, Nkonkoni, Candover and Kingholm.

It is also a virtual wil Richards Bay accommodation The town of Richards Bay lies at the sea edge of an ancient floodplain, almost halfway between Durban and Kosi Bay and forms the tourist gateway to Zululand and Maputaland. Richards Bay began its life as a makeshift harbour, set up by Sir Frederick Ri In the midst of Zululand, just south of Mtubatuba, lies the little village of Riverview, sometimes written also as River View.

The little town is convenient for a number of reasons, not least because it lies just east of the N2, making it an easy stopover To give one an idea of its significance, just 4 kilometres down from the drift the river enters It is an ideal spot at which to stopover or from which to explore the area - given over to a series of und Ulundi accommodation The town of Ulundi, in the heart of Zululand, is set among majestic hills and the rugged valleys of the White Umfolozi River.

Historically, it is significa Vryheid also lies close to the site of one of the more infamous battles of the Battlefield When would you like to stay? Choose dates. Sight-seeing in South Africa?

Search our Attractions Directory to find the perfect backdrop for your holiday selfie. With the exception of the townships and a district of Emtonjaneni magistracy known as " Proviso B," 1 mainly occupied by Boer farmers, all the land was vested in the crown and very little has been parted with to Europeans.

The crown lands are, in effect, native reserves. A hut tax of 14s. The tax has to be paid for each wife a Zulu may possess, whether or not each wife has a separate hut. At what period the Zulu one of a number of closely allied septs first reached the country to which they have given their name is uncertain; they were probably settled in the valley of the White Umfolosi river at the beginning of the 17th century, and they take their name from a chief who flourished about that time.

The earliest record of contact between Europeans and the Zulu race is believed to be the account of the wreck of the " Doddington " in The survivors met with hospitable treatment at the hands of the natives of Natal, and afterwards proceeded up the coast to St Lucia Bay. They describe the natives as " very proud and haughty, and not so accommodating as those lately left. Their chief pride seemed to be to keep their hair in order.

It is added that they watched strictly over their women. At the close of the 18th century the Zulu were an unimportant tribe numbering a few thousands only. At that time the most powerful of the neighbouring tribes was the Umtetwa mTetwa or Aba-Tetwa which dwelt in the country north-east of the Tugela.

The ruler of the Umtetwa was a chief who had had in early life an adventurous career and was known as Dingiswayo the Wanderer. He had lived in Cape Colony, and there, as is supposed, had observed the manner in of the which the whites formed their soldiers into disciplined regiments.

He too divided the young men of his tribe into impis regiments , and the Umtetwa became a formidable military power. Dingiswayo also encouraged trade and opened relations with the Portuguese at Delagoa Bay, bartering ivory and oxen for brass and beads.

In he was joined by Chaka, otherwise Tshaka born c. Chaka, through the influence of Dingiswayo, was chosen as ruler of the Ama-Zulu, though not the rightful heir. Chaka joined in his patron's raids, and in the Umtetwa and Zulu drove the Amangwana across the Buffalo river. About this time Dingiswayo was captured and put to death by Zwide, chief of the Undwandwe clan, with whom he had waged constant war. The Umtetwa army then placed themselves under Chaka, who not long afterwards conquered the Undwandwe.

By the incorpora tion of these tribes Chaka made of the Zulu a power- Chaka. He strengthened the regimental system adopted by Dingiswayo and perfected the discipline of his army. A new order of battle was adopted - the troops being massed in crescent formation, with a reserve in the shape of a parallelogram ready to strengthen the weakest point. The breaking short of the shaft of the assegai when the weapon was used at close quarters was already a common practice among the Ama-Zulu, but Chaka had the shaft of the assegais made short, and their blades longer and heavier, so that they could be used for cutting or piercing.

At the same time the size of the shield was increased, the more completely to cover the body of the warrior. Military kraals were formed in which the warriors 1 The Boers obtained the right to settle in this district in virtue of Proviso B of an agreement made, on the 22nd of October , between the settlers in the " New Republic " and Sir A. Havelock, governor of Natal. McCall Theal states that the ancestors of the tribes living in what is now Natal and Zululand were acquainted with the regimental system and the method of attack in crescent shape formation in the 17th century.

Memories of these customs lingered even if the practice had died out. Among the Ama-Xosa section of Kaffirs they appear to have been quite unknown. Members of a regiment were of much the same age, and the young warriors were forbidden to marry until they had distinguished themselves in battle. Chaka had but two ways of dealing with the tribes with whom he came in contact; either they received permission to be incorporated in the Zulu nation or they were practically exterminated.

In the latter case the only persons spared were young girls and growing lads who could serve as carriers for the army. No tribe against which he waged war was able successfully to oppose the Zulu arms.

At first Chaka turned his attention northward. Those who could fled before him, the first of importance so to do being a chief named Swangendaba Sungandaba , whose tribe, of the same stock as the Zulu, was known as Angoni. He was followed by another tribe, which under Manikusa for many years ravaged the district around and north of Delagoa Bay see Gazaland. Chaka next attacked the tribes on his southern border, and by had made himself master of Natal, which he swept almost clear of inhabitants.

It was about that Mosilikatze properly Umsilikazi , a general in the Zulu army, having incurred Chaka's wrath by keeping back part of the booty taken in an expedition, fled with a large following across the Drakensberg and began to lay waste a great part of the country between the Vaal and Limpopo rivers.

Mosilikatze was not of the Zulu tribe proper, and he and his followers styled themselves Abaka-Zulu. Chaka's own dominions, despite his conquests, were not very extensive. He ruled from the Pongolo river on the north to the Umkomanzi river on the south, and inland his power extended to the foot of the Drakensberg; thus his territory coincided almost exactly with the limits of Zululand and Natal as constituted in His influence, however, extended from the Limpopo to the borders of Cape Colony, and through the ravages of Swangendaba and Mosilikatze the terror of the Zulu arms was carried far and wide into the interior of the continent.

Chaka seems to have first come into contact with Europeans in In that year see Natal he was visited by F. Arrival Farewell and a few companions, and to them he made of the a grant of the district of Port Natal.

Farewell found British. Anxious to open a political connexion with the Cape and British governments, Chaka entrusted early in one of his principal chiefs, Sotobi, and a companion to the care of J. King, one of the Natal settlers, to be conducted on an embassage to Cape Town, Sotobi being commissioned to proceed to the king of England.

But they were not allowed to proceed beyond Port Elizabeth, and three months later were sent back to Zululand. In July of the same year Chaka sent an army westward which laid waste the Pondo country. The Zulu force did not come into contact with the British troops guarding the Cape frontier, but much alarm was caused by the invasion. In November envoys from Chaka reached Cape Town, and it was determined to send a British officer to Zululand to confer with him.

Before this embassy started, news came that Chaka had been murdered 23rd of September at a military kraal on the Umvote about fifty miles from Port Natal. Chaka was a victim to a conspiracy by his half brothers Dingaan and Umthlangana, while a short time afterwards Dingaan murdered Umthlangana, overcame the opposition of a third brother, and made himself king of the Zulu.

Bloodstained as had been Chaka's rule, that of Dingaan appears to have exceeded it in wanton cruelty, as is attested. The British settlers at Port Natal were alternately terrorized and conciliated. In Dingaan gave permission to the British settlers at Port Natal to establish missionary stations in the country, in return for a promise made by the settlers not to harbour fugitives from his dominions. In American missionaries were also allowed to open stations; in he permitted the Rev.

Owen, of the Church Missionary Society, to reside at his great kraal, and Owen was with the king when in November he received Pieter Retief, the leader of the first party of Boer immigrants to enter Natal. Coming over the Drakensberg in considerable numbers during , the Boers found the land stretching south from the mountains almost deserted, and Retief went to Arrival Dingaan to obtain a formal cession of the country of the west of the Tugela, which river the Zulu recognized as the boundary of Zululand proper.

After agreeing to Retief's request Dingaan caused the Boer leader and his companions to be murdered 6th of February , following up his treachery by slaying as many as possible of the other Boers who had entered Natal. After two unsuccessful attempts to avenge their slain, in which the Boers were aided by the British settlers at Port Natal, Dingaan's army was totally defeated on the 16th of December , by a Boer force under Andries Pretorius. Operating in open country, mounted on horseback, and with rifles in their hands, the Boer farmers were able to inflict fearful losses on their enemy, while their own casualties were few.

On " Dingaan's day " the Boer force received the attack of the Zulu while in laager; the enemy charged in dense masses, being met both by cannon shot and rifle fire, and were presently attacked in the rear by mounted Boers. After the defeat Dingaan set fire to the royal kraal Umgungindhlovu and for a time took refuge in the bush; on the Boers recrossing the Tugela he established himself at Ulundi at a little distance from his former capital.

His power was greatly weakened and a year later was overthrown, the Boers in Natal January supporting his brother Mpande usually called Panda in rebellion against him. The movement was completely successful, several of Dingaan's regiments going over to Panda. Dingaan passed into Swaziland in advance of his retreating forces, and was there murdered, while Panda was crowned king of Zululand by the Boers. When in the British succeeded the Boers as masters of Natal they entered into a treaty with Panda, who gave up to the British the country between the upper Tugela and the Buffalo rivers, and also the district of St panda.

Lucia Bay. The bay was not then occupied by the British, whose object in obtaining the cession was to prevent its acquisition by the Boers. Long afterwards the treaty with Panda was successfully invoked to prevent a German occupation of the bay. No sooner had the British become possessed of Natal than there was a large immigration into it of Zulu fleeing from the misgovernment of Panda. That chief was not, however, as warlike as his brothers Chaka and Dingaan; and he remained throughout his reign at peace with the government of Natal.

He had wars with the Swazis, who in ceded to the Boers of Lydenburg a tract of land on the north side cf the Pongolo in order to place Europeans between themselves and the Zulu.

In a civil war broke out between two of Panda's sons, Cetywayo and Umbulazi, who were rival claimants for the succession. A battle was fought between them on the banks of the Tugela in December , in which Umbulazi and many of his followers were slain. The Zulu country continued, however, excited and disturbed until the government of Natal in obtained the formal nomination of a successor to Panda; and Cetywayo was appointed.

The agent chosen to preside at the nomination ceremony was Mr afterwards Sir Theophilus Shepstone, who was in charge of native affairs in Natal and had won in a 1 Bishop Schreuder, a Norwegian missionary long resident in Zululand, gave Sir Bartle Frere the following estimate of the three brothers who successively reigned over the Zulu: " Chaka was a really great man, cruel and unscrupulous, but with many great qualities. Dingaan was simply a beast on two legs. Panda was a weaker and less able man, but kindly and really grateful, a very rare quality among Zulus.

He used to kill sometimes, but never wantonly or continuously. Panda died in October , but practically the government of Zululand had been in Cetywayo's hands since the victory of , owing both to political circumstances and the failing health of his father. In the Zulu nation appealed to the Natal government to preside over the installation of Cetywayo as king; and this request was acceded to, Shepstone being again chosen as British representative.

During the whole of Panda's reign the condition of Zululand showed little improvement. Bishop Colenso visited him in and obtained a grant of land for a mission station, which was opened in , by the Rev. Robertson, who laboured in the country for many years, gaining the confidence both of Panda and Cetywayo. German, Norwegian and other missions were also founded.

The number of converts was few, but the missionaries exercised a very wholesome influence and to them in measure was due the comparative mildness of Panda's later years. The frontier disputes between the Zulu and the Transvaal Boers ultimately involved the British government and were one of the causes of the war which broke out in Disputes with the They concerned, chiefly, territory which in was Trens- proclaimed the republic of Utrecht, the Boers who vaal. In a Boer commission was appointed to beacon the boundary, and to obtain, if possible, from the Zulu a road to the sea at St Lucia Bay.

The commission, however, effected nothing. In Umtonga, a brother of Cetywayo, fled to the Utrecht district, and Cetywayo assembled an army on that frontier.

According to evidence brought forward later by the Boers, Cetywayo offered the farmers a strip of land along the border if they would surrender his brother. This they did on the condition that Umtonga's life was spared, and in Panda signed a deed making over the land to the Boers. The southern boundary of the strip added to Utrecht ran from Rorke's Drift on the Buffalo to a point on the Pongolo. The boundary was beaconed in , but when in Umtonga fled from Zululand to Natal, Cetywayo, seeing that he had lost his part of the bargain for he feared that Umtonga 1 might be used to supplant him as Panda had been used to supplant Dingaan , caused the beacon to be removed, the Zulu claiming also the land ceded by the Swazis to Lydenburg.