Vaccine Information [ ]. Different Types of Vaccines. Government Regulation. Vaccine Development, Testing, and Regulation. Vaccine Side Effects and Adverse Events. Vaccines for Adults. Vaccines for Teenagers. Vaccine-Preventable Diseases [ ]. Chickenpox Varicella. Haemophilus influenzae type b Hib. Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B. History of Polio Poliomyelitis. Human Papillomavirus Infection.
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Symptoms and Causative Agent Cholera is a diarrheal illness caused by an infection of the intestine by the Vibrio cholerae bacterium. Transmission Cholera is transmitted by ingesting food or water contaminated with V.
Cholera is typically not spread directly from one person to another. Treatment and Care People who are ill with cholera can be treated with oral rehydration fluids. Complications In extreme cases of cholera, diarrhea can be so profuse that severe dehydration sets in, which can lead to sunken eyes, cold skin, decreased skin elasticity, wrinkling of the hands and feet, and a bluish tint to the skin.
Death can occur within hours of symptom onset if the patient does not receive treatment. Available Vaccines and Vaccination Campaigns Several oral cholera vaccines are available globally. Vaccination Recommendations Cholera vaccination is not routinely recommended in the United States. Sources Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Trials popped up all over the world. Everywhere from Sweden and Bangladesh to Peru and the Netherlands saw experiments.
These tests expanded knowledge on the theory of herd protection. Herd protection illustrated that vaccines could help both direct recipients and surrounding neighbors. Travelers going to at-risk areas have benefited from advance protection against cholera. This is particularly necessary considering the rise in cholera outbreaks and epidemics.
The vaccine currently in use only needs a single mL dose, protecting against the Vibrio cholerae serogroup Taken 10 days or more before a trip, the immunization can reduce chances of cholera by 90 percent.
Even with modern advancements, vaccines are not the only ways to avoid cholera. Travelers should stay vigilant against contaminated food or water.
Do you have any questions about the cholera vaccine? Let us know in the comments below, or via Facebook and Twitter. Written for Passport Health by Katherine Meikle. Katherine is a freelance writer and proud first-generation British-American living in Florida, where she was born and raised.
She has a passion for travel and a love of writing, which go hand-in-hand. Barthelemy Saint Helena St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia Saint Martin St.
Pierre-et-Miquelon St. Unlike many other infectious diseases, such as plague, smallpox, and poliomyelitis, cholera persists as a huge public health problem worldwide, even though there are effective methods for its prevention and treatment. The main reasons for its persistence are socioeconomic rather than purely biological; cholera flourishes where there are unsatisfactory hygienic conditions and where a breakdown of already fragile sanitation and health infrastructure occurs because of natural disasters or humanitarian crises.
Abstract Cholera is an acute disease of the gastrointestinal tract caused by Vibrio cholerae.
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