Could you find it in your heart to forgive her? She's very understanding - you feel you can really open your heart to her. What he said struck terror in my heart. When I said I loved you, I meant it from the bottom of my heart. Mind and personality. B1 [ S ] the central or most important part :. The demonstrators will march through the heart of the capital. A disagreement about boundaries is at the heart of the dispute.
Let's get to the heart of the matter. These are changes that attack the very heart of British society. By its nature , terrorism is designed to strike at the heart of our democratic values. They live in a two-bedroomed house in the heart of suburbia. He had a key job at the heart of government. They've got a fabulous apartment in the heart of Paris.
Important and essential things. C2 [ U ] courage , determination , or hope :. You're doing really well - don't lose heart now. Take heart - things can only get better. Enviado por Charles Barreto. Denunciar este documento. Fazer o download agora mesmo. Br] 17 Estudos Para Flauta Transversal. Pesquisar no documento. Jorge e Mateus Pocahontas Pocahontas traduo Cristiano Arajo Jorge e Mateus Danielle Monique. Ane Mascarenhas. Renato souza. Gildean Passinho. Allan Marcel.
Felipe Andrade. Another goal was to examine whether the CAQ is applicable to subjects from different educational backgrounds. The process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire included four steps.
The first three steps refer to the translation process: translation, back-translation, and the assessment of the semantic equivalence of the preliminary Brazilian Portuguese version. The next step was a pilot study where 23 subjects were asked to complete the questionnaire and to point out whether there were any difficulties in answering the items or come up with suggestions to improve the clarity of the items. This was a convenience sample of non-clinical individuals with different academic backgrounds, recruited among the students and staff of the Psychiatry Institute of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.
In the first stage, two translations of the original English instrument to Brazilian Portuguese were independently performed by two Brazilian psychologists fluent in English. The translators were blind to each other and not familiar with the original version of the questionnaire, but familiar with the constructs used in the instrument.
Translators were informed about the target population of the questionnaire and asked to pay attention to the semantic consistency of the terms and constructs used, instead of simply literally translating the items from English to Portuguese. The second stage consisted in the back translation into English of each one of the two translations, one by a Brazilian psychologist and the other by a Brazilian psychiatrist, also fluent in English, independent and blind to the original scale.
At stage three, the assessment of the semantic equivalence was performed by the first two authors AS, AE with the goal of producing a synthesized Brazilian Portuguese version based on the two translations made. The process of semantic equivalence adopted is a part of the transcultural adaptation, based on the suggestions proposed by Herdman et al. At first, the authors assessed the equivalence between the original instrument and each of the back-translations.
Subsequently each item of the original instrument was compared with its correspondent in each Brazilian Portuguese version. To compose the synthesized version, some items were incorporated from one of the two versions, integrally or modified, whereas the other items stemmed from the combination of the two versions.
The result of this combination was sometimes modified to better meet the criteria of semantic equivalence. At the end of this process, we had a preliminary Brazilian Portuguese version of the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire that was ready to be tested.
A pre-test was performed with the synthesized version and 23 adults, selected from a convenience sample of the university students and staff. After signing the informed consent agreeing to participate, they were asked by the authors to fill in the questionnaire and to report if each of the items were clear enough and if they had any suggestions to improve the comprehension of the instrument.
In view of the large cultural differences observed in the Brazilian population, and in order to assure the comprehension of the questionnaire by a wide range of people, the sample was selected based on their educational level.
Participants were placed in three categories: elementary school eight years of education or less , high school eight to eleven years of education and tertiary education undergraduate degree or higher. Participants had no history of mental disorders. We also asked participants to suggest alternative words or terms that might be more easily understood.
We used this feedback and suggestions to develop the final Brazilian Portuguese version of the instrument. The original instrument, the translations T1 and T2 , their respective back-translations B1 and B2 and the synthetic version before the alterations of the pre-test can be seen in Table 1.
The version performed by both translators for the items 1, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12 and 18 were identical, or very similar. In some items, a version had priority on another, or both were combined. In some cases, the authors included or excluded terms that we felt were more in line with the semantic meaning of the original item.
Again in item 4, translation two was preferred over translation one, because it presents both "pain" and "discomfort" as related to the word "chest," whereas in T1 the grammatical structure of the sentence might make the item more ambiguous. Item 5 was the most controversial one, since the expression "take it easy" does not exist in Brazilian Portuguese and can be translated in different ways, depending on the situation. In item 7, translation one was preferred. Item 10 came out as a merger of translation one and two.
The word "if" was correctly translated by T1 as "se," but the adaptation done by T2, using the "mesmo que" sounded better, as it is not common, although correct, to use "se" in Brazil to express this kind of idea.
Besides, taking away the article "a" and using the plural of the words "hospital," "doctor" and "medical facility" would give a more general sense in Brazilian Portuguese. This is because the use of the article means that the person may be referring to a specific doctor. In item 14, both translations lacked the sense of likelihood provided by the term "may," so both back-translations did not present this idea.
In this case, the authors decided to include the verb "posso," to express it. For item 16, the exact translation would be the one done by translator one "Eu fico amedrontado. It is frequently replaced by the expression "com medo," which is more commonly used in written and oral Brazilian Portuguese. In this case, the authors decided to accept back-translator number two's suggestion and changed it to "Fico com medo.
Finally, in statement 17 translation two was preferred over translation one. In all cases, the pronoun "I," which would be translated as "Eu," from the beginning of the sentences was excluded for every item, because it is more common to suppress the initial pronoun from the beginning of sentences in Brazilian Portuguese, because the conjugation of the verb already indicates the person of the subject.
During pre-test of the questionnaire with the subjects, our purpose was to test the comprehension and eventually modify any term or sentence that might be difficult to understand. The authors aimed to examine the possibility of using the questionnaire in a wide range of individuals coming from different cultural and educational backgrounds. The sample used in the pilot study was composed of 6 males and 17 females, with ages ranging from 20 to 75 years.
Descriptive statistics and frequencies of this sample are presented in Table 2. Most suggestions were derived from the group with a tertiary academic education, especially regarding the semantic similarity of some statements, which seemed a little repetitive.
This observation was made to a lesser extent in the other groups. However, the items pointed out to be similar were the ones belonging to the same subscales, and logically expected to refer to the same issues. And it goes like this Take me by the tongue and I'll know you take me by the tongue Kiss me 'til you're drunk and I'll show you All the moves like Jagger I've got the moves like Jagger I've got the moves like Jagger.
Moves Like Jagger feat. Christina Aguilera Maroon 5.
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